Safety information
Safety information
Toxicity: Low in studied doses; can be sedating / lower blood pressure.
Contraindications: Hypotension; with other sedatives/CNS depressants; pregnancy (insufficient data — caution).
Interactions: Sedatives, anxiolytics, antihypertensives, thyroid medication (traditional thyroid-lowering reputation — monitor); additive CNS depression.
Pregnancy & breastfeeding: Pregnancy: insufficient data — caution.
Evidence level
Supported by laboratory or animal studies; not yet confirmed in humans.
Preparations
syrup · whole plant
Part used: whole plant
medicated ghee · whole plant
Part used: whole plant
powder · whole plant
Part used: whole plant
Traditional use: memory, anxiety, insomnia, epilepsy, calming nervine
Proposed mechanism: alkaloids (shankhpushpine), flavonoids, scopoletin — cholinergic modulation, antioxidant, anxiolytic, neuroprotective
Associated conditions
Nutritional notes
Not a food source.
Healing traditions
Related plants
Sources (2)
- Malik 2011, Pharm Biol (PMID 21846173)
- Hannan 2022, Evid Based Complement Alternat Med (PMID 36225186)
Sourcing & resources
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